How HPV is transmitted and how it is transmitted

On Earth, about 80% of the population is infected with the human papillomavirus. Due to HPV infection, not only can harmless papillomas appear on the body but also genital warts, as well as growth foci that can degenerate malignancy, it is very important to know that HPV is transmitted. how. Perhaps this knowledge will help someone avoid infections and protect themselves from dangerous diseases like cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and even breasts. In the article, we will tell you about HPV: how it spreads, its risk factors, and preventive measures.

How is the human papilloma virus spread?

First, it must be said that papilloma is transmitted through the epidermis and saliva. At the same time, for a while, the infection may fail to sense and manifest itself by forming genital warts and papillomas only with reduced immunity.

If we talk about how papilloma virus is transmitted, the likelihood of infection increases dramatically if there are injuries, abrasions, and abrasions on the skin.

Attention!Many people wonder if papilloma is inherited? The answer is no. It is only when one of the family members becomes sick, the papilloma virus is transmitted in everyday life or from mother to baby during childbirth.

The following ways of human-to-human transmission are known:

1. It is transmitted through everyday life, ie through contact, common household goods, clothes. Infection can be transmitted through kisses.
2. If a person has genital papilloma, transmission can have occurred through sexual contact, meaning that when having unprotected sex.
3. May cause self-infection through shaving, plucking, and other skin damage. Because papillomas are contagious to surrounding healthy skin cells, a person himself can transmit the virus from diseased parts of the body to healthy parts.
4. The longitudinal path of infection is mother-to-child transmission during childbirth.
5. Less often, infection occurs during blood transfusion, during surgical removal of a tumor caused by HPV. In addition, infection is not excluded in beauty salons, manicuring rooms, bathrooms, saunas, and swimming pools, where the rules of sterility are ignored.

If we talk about how you can get papillomas, then in 70% of sexually transmitted infections, the culprit is a man. When there is an epithelial tumor on the lips or genitals, the chance of infection is almost 90%. It should also be noted that the presence of a condom, although it reduces the risk of infection, still does not guarantee 100% protection, as HPV can penetrate through small wounds on the skin of the hands andother parts of the body. Furthermore, a condom may be located in the groin or pubic area, where the condom will not protect against direct contact with the partner.

Important!If one of the sex partners is a carrier but does not have papillomas, warts or genital warts, the risk of infecting the other partner is significantly reduced.

If you list all the ways you can get a papillomavirus infection in a newborn, then the possibility of infection during the prenatal period is unlikely, as the virus does not enterThe blood and fetus are reliably protected by amniotic fluid, bladder and placenta. However, in medical practice, some rare cases of intrauterine infection have been reported with damage to the placenta and bladder of the fetus.

For a woman planning to become pregnant, it is very important to know if the child's father is contagious and whether he can pass it on to the future mother, because of wartsThe genitals occurring during pregnancy are very dangerous for the baby. In the case of the baby becoming infected during birth, there is a risk of laryngeal papilloma and suffocation afterwards. Since the infection is transmitted by saliva, it is important to take into account the presence of papillomas, genital warts and warts in the male mouth and on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, since women can become infected. disease during oral sex.

If a family member has papilloma, how it spreads in everyday life, it is important for all family members to know:

• through shared beds, towels, soap, cosmetics, towels and other personal belongings, the virus can penetrate the microorganisms on the skin;
Salivary
• infection can occur when using a toothbrush, glasses or other utensils;
• can also be spread through clothing and other household items.

Risk Factors

We've figured out how you can get the human papillomavirus, but it's equally important to know not only the routes of transmission but also the risk factors for papillomavirus infection.

So the human papillomavirus penetrates the skin and mucous membranes much more easily than the background of the following provoking factors:

1. In men, children, and women, an infection is most likely caused by a decrease in immunity. The common cold or a sore throat can contribute to this.

2. Risk of HPV infection increases when the intestinal or vaginal microflora are disturbed. In the first case, the general immunity is affected, in the second, the local defenses of the body decrease, and the likelihood of a sexually transmitted infection increases.
3. More frequently infected genital tract becomes the cause of infection against the background of other sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis).
4. Any means of transmission can be potentially dangerous for a person in the context of an exacerbation of a chronic illness, when the body is weakened by the disease.
5. There is no doubt that the papilloma is contagious. Viruses can easily enter a host's cell into a healthy person's cells if the person's defenses are impaired by stress, loss of energy, overwork, or depression.

Important!Any virus is contagious to men and women with bad habits (smoking, drinking). The risk of infection also increases significantly in women using combination methods of contraception.

The following conditions and diseases are most likely to contribute to sexually transmitted virus:

• became sexually active earlier;
• prostitution;
• changes sexual partners often;
• promiscuous sex life;
• history of a sexually transmitted disease;
• years over 35 years old;
• pathology of the cervix;
• immunodeficiency state.

Precautions

We have figured out how the papillomavirus (women, men, and children) spreads the papillomavirus, and it's still to be seen about preventive measures. It must be said right away that the most effective way not to get infected is to get vaccinated against it. To date, there are two known vaccines for this infection. They protect against the most dangerous cancer-causing viruses. However, the high effectiveness of such a protective measure is observed only during childhood vaccination, before sexual intercourse or before infection with one of the HPV strains.

As for other preventive methods, no one cancels hygiene rules, use condoms, careful sex life and give up bad habits. Useful things for maintaining the strength of the immune system: eat in moderation, exercise, walk in fresh air, take vitamins periodically.